Internnational Negotiations Reflective Essay

Last Reflective Essay To start with, I might want to state that the course of International Negotiations was significant for me. It kept going just fourteen days however this time was sufficient to comprehend numerous things, to have great exercises and genuine dealings that transformed me. It isn't â€Å"loud words†; it is the thing that I feel like at this point. Most importantly, the course started with meeting individuals of the gathering, learning nationalities and understanding what is genuine global exchanges are. In various undertakings of exercise I attempted to find out about the method of doing arrangements with various people.I am persuaded that various perspectives and societies make exchanges exceptional. You can know rules of doing arrangements however it isn't all. You additionally need to know an individual, now and again his way of life and set of brain. These fourteen days gave me that diverse social arrangements of brain are exceptionally hard to survive. I n certain minutes I was unable to do it and I lost as a result of it. Nonetheless, this is the purpose of worldwide arrangements when you are managing various individuals from different nations. First exchanges in this class gave me that I was not arranged well for them.It was hard for me, since I didn't know whether I was haggling in the correct manner or not. I believe that when you have genuine arrangements you have more opportunity to get your work done, to set up your objectives and results which you need to get. It is consistently simpler when you know your objective, focuses which you can lose or pick up. For my situation, I understood how to do it after the third exercise when we attempted to haggle about various issues. Arrangements are not basic things. Now and then you have to lose in certain minutes to pick up in fundamental one.Now I can see it, I can feel when it is significant something for an individual or not. In exchanges you generally get an opportunity to know it . In the event that someone surrenders rapidly it implies that this issue or second doesn't assume an incredible job for him. Besides, in the start of this course I imagined that I am a hazard loath individual. I didn't care to face a challenge on account of dread of losing more. In any case, after this course I understood that I can be chance chasing and I need to face a challenge in some second, yet it is very ifficult to haggle with an individual with inverse conclusion, particularly when you are in one group. Distinction in chance perspectives can bomb your exchanges. It transpired after the course. I had the arrangements with the individual from other nation. I believed that we were in one group, I needed to face a challenge, yet he didn't. Our dealings fizzled, particularly for me. I attempted to make it works however I proved unable. I believe that we had such sort of arrangements when our haggling zones didn't cross.We couldn't to discover arrangements and approaches to make an arrangement, so it fizzled. Perhaps, on the off chance that it was increasingly significant for us and we were unable to deny of it we would make an arrangement. All in all I might want to state that the achievement of dealings is in capacity to comprehend the issue in your exchanges. You likewise need to discover methods of taking care of the difficult that are appropriate for all accomplices. It is the most troublesome part. To execute your choice you have to know your accomplice, to know his objectives, principle issues or minutes that he couldn't care less about.It is significant for me in dealings to know the individual, here and there his perspective, his arrangement of brain. Additionally, after the course I understood that in certain minutes I need to face challenge, I need to be hazard chasing. Be that as it may, there are circumstances when dealings fall flat. I am persuaded that in such cases I have to attempt more to make it occurs, to make an arrangement. Notwithsta nding, once in a while it doesn't work not as a result of you, but since of your accomplice. All accomplices should invest amounts of energy into the exchanges and they will arrive at the arrangement.

Summary of Facts of the Case Study free essay sample

For the greater part of those years, the firm’s name was interchangeable with trust, honesty, and morals. In its prior days, Anderson sets gauges for the bookkeeping calling and progressed new activities on the quality of its then evident respectability. The Chicago-based bookkeeping firm shut its entryways in 2002 that is following 90 years of business. 1. 2 The Advent of Consulting Leorned Spacek joined the organization in 1947 after the demise of originator Arthur Andersen. Anderson started giving counseling administrations to enormous customers, for example, General Electric and Schlitz Brewing during the 1950s. Throughout the following 30 years, Andersen counseling business become more gainful on per-accomplice premise than its center bookkeeping and duty administrations business. The organization connected its counseling business in a joint agreeable relationship with its review arm, which bargains its auditor’s autonomy, a quality vital to the execution of a solid review. Andersen’s counseling business gets perceived as one of the fasters becoming and most beneficial counseling systems on the planet. We will compose a custom paper test on Outline of Facts of the Case Study or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page After ten years, Arthur Anderson consolidate it’s operational and business frameworks counseling units and set up a different business counseling practice so as to offer customers a more extensive scope of incorporated administrations. All through the 1990s, Anderson harvested gigantic benefits by selling counseling administrations to numerous customers whose fiscal summaries is likewise inspected. In 1998, at that point SEC administrator Arthur Levitt openly voiced this worry and suggested new guidelines that would confine the non-review benefits that bookkeeping firms could give to their review lients that is a proposal that Andersen passionately contradicted. In any case, in 1999 Andersen decided to part its bookkeeping and counseling capacity into two isolated and regularly contending units. In August 2000, after an assertion hearing, an adjudicator decide that Andersen’s counseling arm could successfully separate from the bookkeeping firm and work autonomously. By, that time Andersen’s counseling business comprised of around 11,000 experts and got worldwide income of almost $2 billion. Arthur Anderson all in all utilized in excess of 85,000 individuals around the world. The new counseling organization quickly changes its name to Accenture the next January and the court later request to better speaks to its new worldwide brand of bookkeeping administrations. In the interim, in January 2001, Andersen named Joseph Berardino as the new CEO of the U. S. review practice. 1. 3 Baptist Foundation of Arizona The Baptist Foundation of Arizona (BFA), which Anderson fills in as inspector, lost $570 million of giver reserves. BFA, an office of the Arizona Southern Baptist Convention, is established in 1048to raise and oversee gifts for chapel work in Arizona. The establishment additionally offered domain and budgetary arranging administrations to state’s in excess of 400 southern Baptist houses of worship, and was one of the new establishments to offer venture to people. BFA put intensely in land, a more theoretical speculation procedure than other Baptist establishments in the state generally utilized and the establishment authorities supposedly hid misfortunes from speculators starting in 1986. Furthermore, the greater part of the foundation’s representatives were laid off. At long last, the establishment requested of for part 11 liquidation insurances in 1999, posting obligation of about $640 million against resources of about $240 million. Andersen, in a February 2000 explanation, reacted that it identified with BFA financial specialists however stood the precision of its review supposition. In any case, during about two years of examination, reports surfaced that Andersen has been cautioned of conceivable deceitful movement, and the firm in the long run consented to pay $217 million to settle the investor claim in May 2002. 1. 4 Sunbeam Andersen’s inconveniences over Sunbeam Corporation started when its reviews neglected to address genuine bookkeeping mistakes that in the end prompted a legal claim by Sunbeam financial specialist and the ouster of CEO Albert Dunlap in 1998. Boca-based Sunbeam is the creator of such home machine marks as Mr. Espresso, Mixmaster, Oster, Powermate and others. The organization was likewise blamed for utilizing ill-advised â€Å"bill and hold† exchanges, which include booking deals month in front of real shipment or charging, transitory blowing up income through record receivable, and falsely boosting quarterly total compensation. Subsequently, Sunbeam had to rehash six fourth of fiscal reports. In August 2002, a government judge affirmed a $141 million settlement for the situation. In it, Andersen consented to pay $110 million to determine the cases without conceding shortcoming or obligation. Misfortunes to Sunbeam investors added up to about $4. 4 billion, with work misfortunes of about $1,700. 1. 5 Waste Management Overstated profit $1. 4 billion at squander the board was found by Andersen itself in court over flawed bookkeeping practice. This charged Waste Management was griped recorded by the SEC with a tremendous wrongdoing budgetary extortion over a time of over five years. This objection incorporate the organization the executives help and abetted others infringement of antifraud, revealing and record keeping arrangements of government protections laws, bringing about a misfortune to speculators of more than $6 billion. All things considered Andersen was name as having aided the extortion by over and again giving unfit review conclusions on squander the executives really deceptive fiscal report. SEC archives express that there were measure of charges that topped from Waste Management that would pay Anderson’s inspecting administrations. Andersen distinguished inappropriate bookkeeping practice and introduced to Waste Management official report called â€Å"proposed altering diary entries† that is laid out sections that required be revised to abstain from understanding Waste Management’s fields and exaggerating its procuring. In opposite side, squander the executives would not make the amendments and entered a shut entryway concurrence with Anderson to discount the collected mistakes over a 10 years time span additionally change its fundamental bookkeeping rehearses. This understanding was seen by SEC as an endeavor to conceal past cheats and to submit future fakes. Andersen was paid some $220 million to Waste Management investor and $7 million to the SEC for this case. Four Andersen accomplice were sitting tight for endorsement and a directive was acquired against the firm. Andersen likewise had to vow not to ign off on misleading fiscal summaries later on. After this issue settled, Waste Management investor lost $20. 5 billion and session 11,000 workers were laid-off. 1. 6 Enron is perhaps the greatest customer of Andersen. Andersen’s new CEO, Joseph Berardino had maybe seen the $1 million every week in review expenses of Enron. Andersen likewise ready to make 80 percent of organizations in oil a nd gas industry as its customers. On November 8, 2001 Enron had to rehash five years worth of fiscal summaries that Andersen had approved that is representing $586 million in misfortunes. Enron had declared financial insolvency inside a month. In January 2002, Andersen was examination by Justice Department and found that Andersen customers were provoking and its workers bounce to deliver. In the long run the evaluating firm confessed to obliterating various records concerning its examining of Enron which prompted an arraignment for impediment of equity. On June 15, 2002 Andersen was found as the principal bookkeeping firm ever to be sentenced for a lawful offense. 1. 7 Trouble with Telecoms WorldCom was the biggest customer of Andersen and it had inappropriately represented almost $3. billion of costs and had exaggerated profit in 2001 and the initial segment of 2002. Financial specialists was propelled a blast of claims that sent the telecom into insolvency court. Andersen was accused WorldCom for the embarrassment. Be that as it may, WorldCom additionally blamed Andersen for neglecting to discover the bookkeeping abnormalities. SEC recorded extortion charges against WorldCom that bring terminated of its CFO. There were more media communications firm embarrassment identified with Andersen, for example, Global Crossing and Qwest Communications. This case is identified with the issue of phony resource trades, in which the charged telecom organizations purportedly traded fiber-optic broadband limit at expanded costs so as to show enormous increases. Worldwide Crossing was claim however speculator and asserting Andersen that misleadingly expanded review sentiments on their fiscal summaries despite the fact that it knew or neglected to find that they contained material misquote. Qwest was maintain a strategic distance from to chapter 11 court and had been conceded to utilizing ill-advised bookkeeping strategies and had to rehash benefits. 1. 8 Corporate Culture and Ethical Ramifications From the subtleties of the examinations concerning bookkeeping abnormalities and extortion apparently Andersen more worried about its own income development than where the income originated from. This is a direct result of corporate societies that have been various unpracticed business experts and undeveloped reviewers were sent to customer destinations that overlooked the organization arrangements. There have another factor remember for this issue is partner’s restricted association during the time spent giving assessments. At the point when the organization developed, the quantity of accomplices likewise deteriorated. There likewise have proof that Andersen had constrained oversight over its review groups and perceivability additionally equalization couldn't distinguished when review groups had wandered from acknowledged strategies. Andersen was recruited previous Federal Reserve Board director Paul Volcker to organize change and encourages him reestablish its notoriety. After Volcker came, Anderson was offense for impediment of equity identified with the association with destroying of Enron records. Andersen was attempting to arrange an arrangement with int

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Keeping a Confident Tone

Blog Archive Monday Morning Essay Tip Keeping a Confident Tone With regard to the tone of your essays, you must ensure that the admissions committees readily recognize your certainty and self-confidence. Being clear and direct about who you are and how you envision your future is vital. Consider the following basic examples: Weak: I now have adequate work experience and hope to pursue an MBA. Strong: Through my work experience, I have gained both breadth and depth, providing me with a solid, practical foundation for pursuing my MBA. Weak: I now want to pursue an MBA. Strong: I am certain that now is the ideal time for me to pursue my MBA. Weak: I have good quantitative skills and will succeed academically. Strong: I have already mastered the quantitative skills necessary to thrive in my MBA studies. Weak: With my MBA, I hope to establish myself as a leader. Strong: I am certain that with my MBA, I will propel myself to the next levels of leadership. The key in all of these examples is the use of self-confident languageâ€"instead of “hope,” use “will;” instead of “good” skills, show “mastery.” Although you should avoid sounding arrogant, by being assertive and direct, you will inspire confidence in the reader and ensure that you make a positive impression. Share ThisTweet Monday Morning Essay Tips

The Drinking Age Should Be Twenty - 869 Words

Vivian Jones, the author of â€Å"Underage Drinking,† questions the drinking age limit, and wants to decrease the age limit for consuming alcohol from twenty-one years old to eighteen. Firstly, the author defines underage drinking as a danger to young adults and teenagers that are developing. Secondly, Jones states that raising the age limit for drinking is a controversial topic in society. Thirdly, Jones acknowledges that drinking underage is banned and as a result the young adolescents are more allured to drink alcohol and rebel. The author also states that more younger Americans are drinking in excess with comparison to the UK. The author writes that raising the drinking age will not stop the violence and crime, it would only help slightly. Also, Jones conveys that underage drinking is a major issue in today’s society. I disagree with the author, the drinking age should be twenty-one because it would first reduce crime, it would prevent death, and finally it would de crease medical problems. The age limit for drinking should be twenty-one because it would have the benefits of reducing crime. Some people who drink heavily are influenced by alcohol to make bad and dangerous decisions. The alleged person who is under the influence making these risky and poor choices might not be logical at the time, but as a result will be an act of crime. For example: According to the National Council On Alcoholism And Drug Dependence INC. (NCADD), â€Å"Alcohol is a factor in 40% of all violentShow MoreRelatedThe Drinking Age Should Be Twenty865 Words   |  4 PagesVivian Jones, the author of â€Å"Underage Drinking†, questions the drinking age limit, and wants to decrease the age limit for consuming alcohol from twenty-one years old to eighteen. Firstly, Jones defines underage drinking as a danger to young adults and teenagers that are developing. Secondly, Jones states that raising the age limit for drinking is a controversial topic in society. Thirdly, Jones acknowledges t hat drinking underage is banned and as a result the young adolescents are more allured toRead MoreThe Debate Over A Proper Legal Drinking Age1243 Words   |  5 Pagesproper legal drinking age has been ongoing for decades. Some people believe twenty-one is the right age for legally consuming alcohol, while others believe twenty-one is too old. There are many supporters of an age limit of eighteen on alcohol consumption, but it has not been enough to sway Congress away from their set age of twenty-one. One major advocate for the age of twenty-one is the organization MADD, or â€Å"Mothers Against Drunk Driving†. This organization supports the age of twenty-one, becauseRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered Essay1548 Words   |  7 PagesStates, the legal drinking age is twenty-one. In all fifty states, however, there are exceptions for underaged drinking at home, under adult supervision, or for medical purposes (â€Å"Drinking Age†). Overall, the legal oppo rtunities for any person under twenty-one to legally drink alcohol are very scarce. There are many different points, made by people from both sides of the issue about whether or not to lower the drinking age to eighteen, or leave it where it currently stands at twenty-one. Although eachRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Be Abolished1634 Words   |  7 Pageslegal drinking age. In 1984 the National Minimum Drinking Age act was passed and raised the drinking age in the United States to twenty-one. This law caused uproar in states that had declared the minimum drinking age to be eighteen. Alcohol consumption is a major factor in cultural and social matters and the National Minimum Drinking Age has affected everybody. This law is unjust because of many reasons. One of the most prominent reasons is that it is an ex-post facto law. The legal drinking age shouldRead MoreDrinking Age1395 Words   |  6 Pagesis good or bad, helpful or hurtful. Some debates are simple with no major si de effects such as would drinking gatorade or water better maximize the performance of athletes. Other debates involving drinking are not as simple, these debates involve alcohol drinking age. Both arguments can have different viewpoints, the difference is the significance in the argument. What should the legal drinking age in the United States be? Consuming alcohol has been done for many years. Unlike a typical beverageRead MoreChanging the Minimun Legal Drinking Age in the United States1745 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Minimum Legal Drinking Age in the United States Over the past twenty years the minimum legal drinking age has been twenty-one in all US states, but that has not stopped citizens of the United Sates from attempting to lower the age. Following the end of prohibition in the United Sates during the Great Depression, all states agreed on a set of twenty-one to be the legal drinking age. For almost forty years there was no change in the drinking age until a decrease in the age for voting occurredRead MoreLowering The Minimum Legal Drinking Age Essay1521 Words   |  7 PagesEveryone! The debate of lowering the minimum legal drinking age (MLDA) has been going on for decades in the United States. Those opposed, argue that the current MLDA is not efficient and counterproductive (Engs 1). One study indicated that thousands of lives under the age of twenty-one are lost each year to alcohol (McCardell 1). Underage drinking is an issue that persists, despite evidence suggesting that the minimum legal drinking age of twenty-one has lowered alcohol usage among individual whoRead MoreShould The Minimum Drinking Age Be Lowered?1138 Words   |  5 Pagesquestion whether drinking should be lowered to eighteen or not? Citizens have gave details regarding the affirmative and negative views of the minimum drinking age be lowered to eighteen. Do you think that it is wise to lower the minimum age? Would you look at the negative and positive impacts? Is it more important to give our citizens these full rights? Currently, in the United States the legal drinking age is twenty-one. B ut as we all know many teenages are involved in underage drinking. But the mainRead MoreNot Lowering the Drinking Age1642 Words   |  7 PagesLowering the Drinking Age Many teenage deaths in the United States are caused in some way by the influence of alcohol; however, many people still believe that the legal drinking age should be reduced to eighteen. This issue has been going on for years, but the law has not been changed since the change to twenty-one in 1980. States have become stricter about preventing under-age drinking, but teenagers have no problem getting alcohol. There are many arguments in favor of changing the drinking age back toRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Of The United States1479 Words   |  6 Pages The legal drinking age in the United States has been argued for many decades. The current minimal legal drinking age is twenty-one but some want to lower between eighteen and twenty. The main focus of the research conducted and opinions of people are based on the minimal legal drinking age of eighteen. The research is taken from the 1970s, when the twenty-sixth Amendment was passed in the Constitution (Wagenaar, 206). It was state d that eighteen is the â€Å"age of majority†, so thirty-nine of the

George Orwell s The Farmer - 1844 Words

â€Å"A man was driving down a country road one day, and he saw, to his surprise, a chicken beside his car. Now this man was going 60 miles-per-hour and the chicken was keeping pace with him. And all the sudden the chicken ran ahead of him, but it seemed like the children had three legs. As the man gaped in wonder, he saw the animal turn down a dirt road and so the man followed it until he came to a farmhouse where he met a farmer. He said to this so-said farmer, â€Å"Did you so happen to see a chicken come by here?† And the farmer said, â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"Is it yours?† the man said. â€Å"Yes,† the farmer answered. â€Å"Did the chicken have three legs?† the man asked. â€Å"Yes, I breed them that way,† the farmer answered. â€Å"Why?† the man asked and with a little puff of his chest the farmer answered. â€Å"Well, you see, I like the drumstick, Ma likes the drumstick, and now Junior comes along, and he likes the drumstick. So I breed three-legged chickens.† â€Å"Well, how do they taste?† Now when he asked this, the farmer looked chest fallen and said longingly. â€Å"I don’t know. I haven’t caught one yet.†Ã¢â‚¬  This was only one of the hilarious stories and jokes that Ronald Reagan told during his presidency alone. Ronald Reagan was the 40th president of the United States, who served from 1981 to 1989, and was one of the most widely known presidents. But his fame and popularity did not just come from his jokes, but his early life, his presidency, and his last years. â€Å"The path of development is a journey of discoveryShow MoreRelatedGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm958 Words   |  4 PagesImagine that you were an animal s or citizen living under Napoleon or Stalin rule and the fear that your life can be taken always from you at any time. In the novel of Animal Farm, George Orwell he wanted to show how a book is a sarcasm of the Russian Revolution during the communist years and the satire of that time between Trotsky and Stalin. Where Orwell chose to create his character base of the common people of Russia at the time of the Revolution. Animal Farm is a social or allegory about NapoleonRead MoreAnimal Farm, By George Orwell1212 Words   |  5 Pageswho truly wanted a better society in Russia. Snowball wanted the animal s life without the humans to be better than before, but Napoleon wanted to be the leader of Animal Farm. Napoleon and snowball would always disagree no matter what the subject Trotsky was exiled from Russia by Stalin just as Snow ball was exiled by Napoleon. Napoleon represents Stalin; they were both leaders of either Russia or Animal Farm. George Orwell was a man who wrote the book Animal Farm which was based on the RussianRead MoreAnimal Farm Vs Animal Farm Essay1319 Words   |  6 Pagesseahaven island, where he lives, is a giant television studio under a dome, controlled entirely by christof and his production team.it is only when truman escapes the confines of seahaven that he is free to pursue the good life. in animal farm, george orwell explores the idea that power is used to control and oppress others. one example is where mr jones uses physical violence to maintain control of the animals. this shows that mr jones is able to take oppression over the animals because he runs theRead MoreAnimal Farm By George Orwell1433 Words   |  6 Pagesequal than others.† George Orwell’s novella Animal Farm. Orwell’s goal in writing Animal Farm was to illustrate the 1917 Russian Revolution, and depict a government more tyrannical and oppressive than the one it overthrew. The characters and the events in Animal Farm mirror the Russian Revolution. For example, in the novella Manor Farm is a representation of Russia. Whereas animals like Old Major, Napoleon, and Snowball stand for the important figures of that time. Farmer Jones is who is inRead MoreAnimal Farm Or Ussr Part II1243 Words   |  5 PagesCliffy Smith James Hensley Pre-IB LA 10 10 April 2015 Animal Farm or USSR Part II Animal Farm written by George Orwell is a hopeful novel about a group of animals that overthrow their farmer and create an animalistic government. Much like All the King’s Men a novel by Robert Penn Warren, Animal Farm has strong political undertones relating to the the skewed government of Soviet Russia. Throughout the book many animal characters can be identified with the political leaders and influences throughoutRead MoreAnimal Farm Corruption Essay1663 Words   |  7 Pagesthe news. On the news there is a man on trial for the things he s done in his corporation. You soon realize the man is the head of his business and has been using underhanded tactics to gain more money. It is also revealed the man wasn t always like this and has only started using these tactics when his corporation began to expand. This is one example of the theme corruption comes with power. In The story Animal Farm by George Orwell which follows the events of an animal rebellion on a farm thatRead Mo reGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm1403 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge Orwell believes â€Å"What you get over and over again is a movement of the proletariat which is promptly characterized and betrayed by astute people at the top and then the growth of a new governing class. The one thing that never arrives is equality† (Letemendia 1). Orwell simply loathes revolution and thinks it is unfair to the majority, for the people. He thinks that while individuals change, the people in power are always corrupt and they will corrupt any attempt at change. He communicatesRead MoreSimilarities Between The Truman Show And Animal Farm1219 Words   |  5 PagesWhat makes the perfect Utopia? What is needed for a good life? These questions are so important when it comes to human’s view on power and control and how it should be used. In both stories, ‘Animal Farm’ (written by George Orwell) and ‘The Truman Show’ (directed by Peter Weir), the author and director ex plore these themes. Power and control, the good life, utopia. These three themes are key to living the full life. To have a utopia you must have a good life and to have a good life you must haveRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Animal Farm1361 Words   |  6 Pagesmaster, had been a capable farmer, but of late he had fallen on evil days†(Orwell 38). In Animal Farm George Orwell describes life for the animals on a farm in the english countryside during the mid to early 20th century before, during and after a revolution against their master Mr.Jones in order to represent the russian revolution and describe to people throughout the free world how leaders in both capitalist and communist societies oppress the working class as a result Orwell s tone throughout the novelRead MoreSymbolism in Animal Farm1766 Words   |  8 Pagesway to look at the events that transpired during this time period and allows people to really understand what happened. In Animal Farm, George Orwell employs many s ymbols to convey the parallelism between the novel and World War I and World War II in Russia. The characters in Orwell’s Animal Farm represent real people that played major roles in World War I. Farmer Jones is the owner of the farm before the animal uprising. He represents Czar Nicholas II, the last czar of Russia before communism took

Global Warming Our Future On A Hotter Planet - 1855 Words

Over the past half century, global warming rates have increased by an unprecedented amount. As the earth’s changing climate becomes a pertinent issue for nature and human society, climate scientists continue to make predictions about how rising temperatures will affect the whole planet in the future. Notably, environmental activist Mark Lynas examines aspects of global warming, like rising sea levels, natural disasters, and overall temperature changes in his book â€Å"Six Degrees: Our Future on a Hotter Planet.† Lynas takes into account â€Å"state of the art research† to assess the degree by degree forecast for the 21st century. While Lynas and climate scientists agree that global warming is underway, Lynas tends to be overstated in his†¦show more content†¦The impact of this warm period is seen in the increase in â€Å"warm days† and decrease in â€Å"cold days† throughout the year (IPCC). In addition, a major contributor to global warmi ng is the release of greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide. One prediction forecasts the rise in temperatures from 1990 to 2100 to be between 1.7 and 4.9 degrees â€Å"in the absence of climate mitigation policies (Sciencemag).† Although very high, these figures indicate that global warming is concerning to climate scientists, and should be viewed as a prevailing problem by all humans. Evidence of global warming’s intensifying effects is seen in Africa, where the spread of disease is becoming uncontrollable. Although Lynas’ predictions are generally too severe, and cannot be proven by the earth’s current physical state, he was correct in his claims that global warming is influencing the rate of disease transmission. As a result of increasing temperatures, the spread of harmful diseases in Africa is constantly being exacerbated. Lynas argues that the wet and warm conditions brought by a combination of increased temperatures, and higher rates of rainfall an d flooding, will allow bacteria causing diseases like malaria and dengue fever to thrive. As a result, these floods will carry the deadly diseases over longer distances, allowing them to impact a wider range of populations, both human and livestock. As of 2015, Lynas’ predictions do not seem to be overstated. With temperatures

An Overlooked Essential Nutrient free essay sample

Welcome, I am a registered dietician. I have invited you to lunch and learn about, what you will select for a yearlong beverage contract from these three choices water, Gatorade, and Powerade. The role of water in our body are giving cell life, where water is a carrier, distributing essential nutrients to cells as minerals, vitamins, and glucose. It also has chemical and metabolic reactions as it removes waste products including toxins that the organ cells reject and removes through urine and feces. Water is a transport of nutrients in the biochemical break down of what we eat. H2O regulates body temperature, it has a large heat capacity which helps limit changes in body temperature in a warm or cold environment. The elimination of water is an effective lubricant around joints and acts as a shock absorber for eyes, brain, and spinal cord. The goal of drinking fluids during exercise is to prevent dehydration and maintain performance. We will write a custom essay sample on An Overlooked Essential Nutrient or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Fluids preferably with carbohydrates and electrolytes, should be consumed in small amounts every 15 to 20 minutes during exercise. Water and electrolytes serve very important roles in the functioning of the body and sweating can lead to excessive losses of both critical nutrients if not properly replaced. Dehydration and electrolyte imbalances can adversely impact health and exercise performance. The magnitude of fluid and sweat losses during exercise depends on the intensity of the exercise, environment conditions, and the type of clothing worn during the exercise. To avoid excessive fluid and electrolyte losses, a person should begin exercising in a well-hydrated state. About two hours prior to strenuous exercise, drink approximately 20floz of liquid to ensure proper hydration at the onset of exercise. The daily recommendation for water is actually none. Many of us grew up thinking that we need to drink eight glasses a day plus other beverages throughout the day. As a study found out there was no scientific evidence for the 64-ounce daily recommendations for water. Instead, to use thirst to determine their fluid needs. Sports drinks don’t necessarily have a daily recommendation. If you’re not exercising at least for an hour then you don’t need to drink any sports at all. Sports beverages are for people, that do some type of physical activity for more than an hour. Sports drinks enhance fluid absorption in the small intestine due to the glucose and sodium content. It also helps maintain stamina in events through providing a small amount of carbohydrates to the working muscles. The nutritional facts found in a Aquafina bottled water of 8oz are calories, total fat (g), sodium (mg), total carbs (g), sugars (g), and protein (g) are all 0! (PepsiCo, 2014) The benefits of drinking water are it makes you avoid skin disorders, removes toxins, increases metabolic rate, and much more. The nutritional facts in a Powerade Fruit Punch of a 8oz bottle are calories 50, total fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, trans fat, and cholesterol all equal out to 0. The sodium is 100(mg), potassium 25(mg), total carbohydrate 14(g), dietary fiber 0(g), sugars 14(g), and protein, vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, and iron are all 0. Powerade is a sports drink with 50 calories, which is about the average for all sports drinks, 14(g) of carbohydrates, which again is about the average for all sports drinks, and 100(g) of sodium, which is less than the average for all sports drinks. (FindtheBest, 2014) The nutritional facts about a Gatorade Fruit Punch of a 12oz bottle are calories 80, total fat 0(g), sodium 160(mg), potassium 45(mg), total carbs 21(g), sugars 21 (g), and protein 0(g). (PepsiCo, 2014)The sodium found in Gatorade helps your body retain the fluids that are lost through sweating. It’s also high in calories and it can replace the energy that is lost while playing sports. The many different varieties of water include tap water, where in a metropolitan areas contain fluoride that helps protect your teeth against decay. Rain water can be ingested, but must be boiled because of the possibility of bacteria, and contamination. Spring water contains no fluoride and should be boiled to remove impurities. Tap filters take out the large particles from water, but filters cannot protect you from getting an infection. Pure water is water that has undergone additional treatment methods to remove even more impurities than those found in common tap or municipal water. Groundwater, which is water that lies under the surface of the land. It exists almost everywhere in the world, although a person would have to dig quite deep to access it. The different varieties of sports beverages are isotonic, that quickly replaces fluids lost by sweating and supplies a boost of carbohydrates. Some of these beverages include Gatorade Cool Blue, Gatorade Limon, Powerade Cherry ION4, Powerade Orange ION4, and much more. Hypotonic beverages quickly replace s fluid lost and is best for low-respiration. These hypotonic beverages are watered down sports drinks like Gatorade G2 and Powerade Zero. Hypertonic beverages are supplements daily carbohydrate intake after exercise to top current glycogen stores. These beverages usually are high carbs, high energy, high calorie, endurance, or performance. (Chambers, 2012) Drinking water cost varies between each person in prefer ability. Buying bottled water for the year can set you back around $346, but if you were to refill a 16. 9 ounce bottle with city tap every day for a year, you’d pay 48 cents. Yet, if you would like to invest in bottled water, a 24 pack at average costs $4. 99 $9. 99 and a 35 pack costs at average $5. 99 $12. 99. If you’re an athlete and need to gain some of those electrons back then a Powerade or Gatorade is just for you. An average cost of a Gatorade bottle is $1. 00 $5. 00. An average cost of a 24 pack is between $12. 99 $17. 99 and a 35 pack at an average cost $20. 99 -$30. 99. Powerade at an average of a 12-32oz bottle cost $1. 00 $5. 00 and a 24 pack at an average $18. 99 $40. 00. So, if you don’t exercise on a daily basis then stepping away from sports beverages will financially help you in the long run. Drinking water has many advantages compared to sports drinks. Water is the most healthful option because it provides no calories. Sports drinks contain sugar and contribute to weight gain if not physically active. Water is cheaper than sports beverages if you get your water from tap. If you’re performing sports bursts of exercise, you don’t need to restore your electrolytes with sports drinks because our sweat is 99% water and less than 1% electrolytes. The British Medical Journal (BMJ) has said, â€Å"The truth is this: drink when you are thirsty and don’t waste your money or calories on sports drinks-choose water instead. † (Skerrett, 2012) Sports drinks are better than water because there designed to rapidly replace fluids and to increase the sugar circulating in your blood. If your activity lasts an hour or more, either fruit juice diluted with water or sports drinks will provide carbohydrates for energy plus minerals to replace lost electrolytes in your sweat. Sports drinks provide around 14 (g) of carbohydrates, 28(mg) of potassium, and 100(mg) of sodium per 8-ounce serving. â€Å"Sports drinks really do triple duty whenever you exercise for longer periods of time,† says Girard Eberle, sports dietician and author of â€Å"Endurance Sports Nutrition. † (Boston, 2012) So, what sports drink is better Powerade or Gatorade. The sodium content of Gatorade is about 450(mg/L) and Powerade is 225(mg/L). Gatorade does a better job of replacing the sodium lost in sweat. Gatorade is 0% sugar. Since both all fall within the generally recommended 4 – 8% range, either drink is acceptable. Gatorade asserts a 6% carbohydrate solution is ideal for absorption and energy production and that sports drinks with lower or higher concentrations. Yet. Powerade contains vitamins B6 and B12, both of which are active in the production of energy. â€Å"The differences between Gatorade and Powerade are small will neither beverage appearing clearly superior to the other,† says the formerly British Medical Journal. (Crowther, 2012) The safety levels of drinking water within our body start with a disease called hyponatremia. A condition that occurs when the level of sodium in your blood is abnormally low. In humans, the kidneys control the amount of water, salts and other solutes leaving the body by salving blood through their millions of twisted tubules. When someone drinks too much water at a time, the kidneys cannot flush it out fast enough and the blood becomes waterlogged. Where the concentration of salt and other dissolved substance is higher, excess water leaves the blood and ultimately enters the cells. Thus, brain edema or swelling can be disastrous, which can manifest to seizures, coma, respiratory arrest, brain stem herniation and ultimately death. The safety level of Gatorade can have serious health consequences as weight gain if someone is burning fewer calories, the excess will be stored as fat. Vitamin toxicity like fat-soluble vitamin and vitamin A. Fat-soluble vitamins cannot be excreted from the body when consumed in large amounts. Vitamin A can lead to hypervitaminosis A, a toxic effects from ingesting too much of vitamin A. Symptoms include visual changes, bone pain, and skin changes. You could also develop high blood pressure and high blood sugar. High blood pressure because one bottle of Gatorade can contain 800(mg) of sodium, which is 33% of your normal daily recommended intake. High blood sugar because a bottle of Gatorade contains 56(g) of sugar, where symptoms include being very thirsty, having blurry vision, dry skin, feeling weak, and needing to urinate frequently. The safety levels of Powerade are hypernatremia, a condition caused by too much sodium in the body. Excessive salt intake can lead to dehydration, lethargy, weakness, and affect nerve impulses. Also, hyperkalemia a condition of in taking too much potassium where neuromuscular and cardiac functions are involved symptoms include fatigue, lethargy, weakness, and abdominal cramps and in severe cases cardiac arrest. Excessive levels of magnesium in the body called hypermagnesmia. Too much magnesium results in decreased respiration, muscle weakness, lethargy and in severe cases can cause cardiac arrest. Hypercalcemia is too much calcium in the human body, which can cause lethargy, fatigue, nausea, constipation, hypertension, and bone pain. There’s also hypophosphatemia, which is high levels of phosphorus in the body. Symptoms are lethargy, fatigue, seizures, and can reduce the amount of calcium. That can lead to tremors, cramps, muscle spasms, convulsions and bone/joint pain. One of the last causes of drinking too much Powerade is acidosis, which are decreased levels of ph. It’s caused by high levels of chloride and can result in cellular damage and can lead to death. All of these beverages water, Gatorade, and Powerade can only be taken in moderation because it can lead to severe diseases and climatically lead to death. (Aufiero, 2011) The advantages of drinking water over sports drinks is water can help control calories. It works with weight loss if you choose water over a caloric beverage or eat a diet higher in water-rich foods that are healthier, more filling, and help you trim calorie intake. Also, another advantage to drinking water is it helps energize muscles, when cells don’t have enough fluids they don’t maintain their balance of fluids and electrolytes shrivel, that can result in muscle fatigue. Water also helps your kidneys by transporting waste products in and out of cells. A water-soluble waste that is able to pass through the kidneys to be excreted in the urine. â€Å"Giving children sports drinks is as bad as making them smoke,† says Dr. Donal O’Shea of the University of California at Berkeley. (TCD, 2011) The advantages of drinking a sports beverage over water are they maintain fluid balance in physically active people. A sports beverage can enhance voluntary fluid consumption by replenishing fluid loss and proper hydration. Sodium is an important nutrient because it helps maintain electrolyte balance and provides the urge to drink. The extra sodium formulates for people who are prone to muscle cramps. Also, potassium is another advantage to drinking sports beverages over water because it’s a faster recovery and a better workout for tomorrow. Using sports drink means it takes less time for your body to rehydrate, replace muscle glycogen stores, repair muscle damage and bring the immune system up to full strength. Professor John Brewer, head of sports science at the University of Bedfordshire, said that while those who exercised to keep fit may find water is enough to quench their thirst, â€Å"those who compete intensively for long durations have been shown by numerous studies to improve their performance through the sensible consumption of sports drinks. † (Campbell, 2012) The advantages of sports beverages like Gatorade over Powerade are that Gatorade provides more sodium for less calories and sugar so it may be the better choice to replenish your body and prevent muscle cramping. Powerade has added vitamin supplements that Gatorade does not, but for most serious athletes consuming a healthy diet. The U. S. market Gatorade still dominates with over 80% of the market share, while Powerade has captured almost 15%. â€Å"Research shows that your body digests and uses carbohydrates from high fructose corn syrup the same way it digests other sweeteners like table sugar,† says the American Medical Association. (Reagan, 2009) From all the information that I have researched and given, my recommendation would be water. The one reason, why I chose water over Powerade and Gatorade is because water is an essential component required for the effective working of our body since body parts including our brain and the various tissues are mostly composed of water. Another couple of reasons of why water is an overall better choice is it makes you look younger. It moisturizes your skin and keeps it fresh and glistening thereby enhancing its overall appeal. Water removes toxins and most of the waste products from our body contributing to a healthy quality of life. Also, drinking substantial amounts of water is likely to reduce the risks of bladder and colon cancer. Water has the ability to dilute the concentration of cancer-causing agents in the urine and reduce the time they take to come in contact with the bladder lining. So, you see from the information that I have provided you about the benefits of drinking water, the diseases it can prevent, and the improvements it could do for a person’s physical activity. With just naming a few of these health saving benefits of just drinking a glass of water, it would be a perfect fit for your contract and increase your revenues.

Similarities Between Children And Their Parents Essays - Family

Similarities Between Children And Their Parents The Similarities and Differences Between Parents and Their Children The transition from childhood to adulthood is a journey undergone by all, but all in a different way. While some people believe that the maturation process is a time for one to develop one's individuality and uniqueness from one's parental figures, others believe that growing up is a fine-tuning of beliefs, morals and ideology passed down from generation to generation. The old saying A chip of the old block in most cases applies to every human, regardless of how different one may seem from one's parents. Qualities are inherited that cannot be suppressed and will always prevail despite how much one may want to differ form one's parents. While protruding into this topic, valuable issues must be discussed; moral ideology, lifestyles, social influences, and physical attributes are all factors in the distinction between a child and his/her parents. Morals are one of the key ingredients in raising a child. These thoughts are passed from the parent to the youngster from birth and possibly even as far as death. Parents are always helping the development of morals weather intentional or through actions displayed by the parent. Although a parent may not even realize that morals are being taught, the idea of good and bad are presented even in the act of disciplining a child. Kids grow up learning how to handle situations from past experiences and the lessons that have been attained. Perhaps a simple example of this rational is the lesson of truth. When a child lies to his/her mother, the mother reprimands the child and disciplinary action may be taken. If appropriately used, the punishment will teach the child that it is unacceptable to lie. As time progresses, the child will usually develop an understanding to tell the truth. This is important in comparing a child from a parent because if the parent never learned that it is inapprop riate to lie, then the child will most likely understand the importance of truth because truth was not a moral prevalent in the child's upbringing. Although parents most often teach commendable lessons, negative morals can also be developed in a person due to actions taken by the parent in the past. For example, it is a possibility that a parent is always pushing a child to attend church. When the child loathes attending services and tries at all costs to avoid them, a resistance to religion can be formed. The child can develop excuses as to why attending church is pointless and begin to believe these reasons. Further down in life a complete opposition to religion could possibly be established based on the roots of a boring mass. Now the parent whose morals are set in organized religion has a child who has drifted away from religion and entirely new ideas are developed in his/her mind. Morals play an important part in comparing and contrasting the similarities between a parent and a child. The presence of morals usually is passed down to the child, however sometimes the moral ideology presents itself in a completely different manner that proposes opposition between parents and children. While morals are very relevant to the discussion of behavioral similarities and differences between parents and children, lifestyles and the reasons behind a chosen lifestyle is also a prevalent topic in the discussion. Some people tend to choose a similar path that their parents have chosen, while others choose to break away and take a completely alternate route. The way one lives depends largely upon his/her personality and motivation, which in turn, is greatly effected by the parents. If one is brought up in an environment that is very neat and tidy, most likely that person will follow the habits of growing up in that manner and will continue to keep things orderly. The effect can be best described in terms of the word imitation. Because the child is so used to doing things a certain way, when the absence of the parent arises, the habits are carried over. Usually this process goes either one of two ways: the child either mimics the parent's habits or the child develops a resistanc e. Typically when youths reach college, they are

Short paper on George Lucas career.

Short paper on George Lucas career. George Lucas born and grew up on a walnut ranch in Modesto, California. When Lucas was in his late teens he developed an interest in drag racing. However, a severe car accident changed what he had wanted to be when he grew up. Originally he had wanted to be a race car driver. Lucas had gone to Modesto Junior college before attending the University of Southern California film school. While he was attending film school he made several short films such as THX-1138:4EB, which had one first prize at the national student film festival. In 1967 he was granted a scholarship to watch the making of the movie Finian's Rainbow, which was directed by Francis Ford Coppola, who had also directed the movie The Godfather. In 1969 Coppola and Lucas created a company called American Zoetrope. The first undertaking of the company was a full length version of Lucas's THX-1138.A portrait of George Lucas, Pasadena, California, ...In 1971, when Coppola started directing The Godfather Lucas had set out and c reated his own company called Lucasfilm Ltd. In 1973 he had written and directed the film American Graffiti. American Graffiti had won the Golden Globe and had been nominated for five Academy Awards. In 1973 he had started writing the screen play for the movie Star Wars, which he was inspired to write by Flash Gordon and Planet of the Apes. He established ILM (Industrial Light and Magic) for the special effects for the movie. Sprocket Systems was established to edit and mix it and it later became know as Skywalker Sounds. His movie was turned down by a few different companies until Twentieth Century Fox had liked the idea. The film had broken all box office records and had received seven Academy Awards. Lucas along with Steven Spielberg had created the Indiana Jones which the...

Security Planning and Assessment Quiz Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Security Planning and Assessment Quiz - Essay Example Security personnel should also have some knowledge in regards to their role in the justice system and the legal process, aspects of evidence, and the ability to detain or arrest. A college education is an important part of everyone's life, even though it is not a requirement for working as a security guard. However, college courses in psychology, sociology, criminology, and security can be very helpful for anyone working in the security industry. Security consultants and managers have a greater need for a college education in security. It gives them a greater awareness of the industry and the most comprehensive knowledge on trends and research. It can also keep them abreast of changes in the law, the handling of evidence, or new processes and procedures available for private security. As managers, an educational background in management theories and styles is very important in today's technology based competitive world. One of the major asset protection challenges is the protection against cyber-crime. This area is one of the fastest growing, and fastest changing, fields within security. Not only are computer systems vulnerable to attack to transfer money from bank accounts, there is also massive amounts of information that needs to be secured. According to Ortmeier (2008), information is "the lifeblood of almost every enterprise" and "represents one of the most important vehicles for survival within a competitive global economy" (p.152). This information may relate to national defense, product design, or corporate strategy. Information security will continue to be a challenge as systems continually change and criminals sharpen their skills. Confronting this challenge will require security personnel with very high level computer skills. 4.) What trends in terrorism can we expect to see in the future Will the tactics and strategies terrorism uses remain the same or change In either case how will these strategies be used, and what steps should security do to reduce the potential for a terrorist act against their organizationOne of the trends in terrorism that will become more noticeable in the US will be the increase in crimes committed by terrorists to finance their terrorism (Hamm, 2005, p.1). Terrorist targets will become high value assets, or cyber crime that preys on bank accounts. In addition, the increase in cooperation among domestic terrorists, foreign terrorists, organized crime, and gangs could see an increase in multi-organizational operations. It could also open the door for terrorist 'outsourcing', where a gang commits the act but the terrorist organization takes credit for it. US gangs and organized crime could use their freedoms and protections to give the foreign terrorists an advantage. 5.) What role should the United States play in the future to international order, and what government policy implications regarding that role do you see that could impact

The Impacts of Television on the United Arab Emirates Culture Essay

The Impacts of Television on the United Arab Emirates Culture - Essay Example Television has become indispensable lately; life exclusive of it has been an absurd idea for people all around the world. It was meant to educate, aware the audience to the recent occurring all around the world by sitting cozily, mode of entertainment, sharing of cultural norms and customs takes place through it and a hub for advertising and marketing lately (Peter Fincham ,2007).   Media tool and exemplary revolutionary mean; television, was invented in a more unconventional manner. The quest started in 1884 when a German Scientist introduced a Nipkow disk, which could transmit pictures over the wire through the rotation of the disk. He was the first scientist who was able to discover the scanning law for mechanical television In 1897, another German scientist Karl Braun invented Cathode Ray Tube, which is the picture tube used in contemporary Televisions. In1920, John Logie Baird invented the mechanism of transmitting the image through the technology array of transparent rods. His display of television was mainly dependent on reflective light rather than back-lit silhouettes. In 1923, Charles Jenkins invented the first moving silhouettes image mechanism called radiovision.In 1927, Philo T.Farnsworth was the first scientist who was able to broadcast a TV illustration which consisted of 60 horizontal lines. It was a picture of the dollar sign. He also developed dissector tube which is still used in current technology of television. In 1929, a Russian scientist named Vladimir Zworykin worked on the cathode ray tube technology and redesigned it and afterward it showed the characteristics of the modern picture tube. Later on Louise Parker in 1948 invented receiver of television for scrolling different channels. Later on, with the passage of time, this exceptional invention was modified initially only  colored television was more than enough to fulfill the purpose of telecommunication.

Obesity in Black American Women Essay Example for Free

Obesity in Black American Women Essay Culture, Biology and Lifestyle Cause Forty Nine Percent of Black American Women to be Obese Abstract. Obesity is a major factor in health today. Certain ethnic groups and genders suffer from obesity more than others. Around 49% of all Black American women are classified obese today. There are many reasons for this. But the three the Black American women are susceptible to are culture, lifestyle and biology. Forty nine percent of Black American women are obese. This is an over representation compared to 38% of Latina women and 33% of non-Hispanic white women. (Phelan, Johnson, Wesley). Many factors determine a person’s weight and health status. Economics, lifestyle, diet, culture, biology and society all affect a person’s body size and composition. Culture, biology and lifestyle have the largest impact on why Black American women are obese. Health, economic and societal implications of obesity are overwhelming and affect every person in this country. The medical community defines obesity as having a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 30 or greater. BMI is simply a comparison of weight to height. The actual formula is weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. A BMI of greater than 25 but less than 30 is considered overweight and a BMI of greater than 40 is considered morbidly obese. BMI is a comparison of weight to height, not fat to height. BMI is a useful tool for most of the population, but does not work well for heavily muscled people, such as body builders. Fat is damaging to health. Muscle is not. The general population knows that obesity causes diabetes and heart problems. But obesity is much more severe than that. Obesity causes health problems that many find eye opening. Obesity causes hardening of the arteries, increased cholesterol and cardiac failure. In addition to damaging the heart and arteries obesity causes cancer. Twenty percent of all cancer related deaths in women are attributed to obesity (Dixon). Fifty percent of all Type II diabetes patients are obese. (Dixon). Obesity is associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome and fatty liver disease (Kogiso, Moriyoshi and Nagahara). Obesity causes many more not so well known, but still very concerning health issues. Thirty one percent of all arthritis patients are obese. (Dixon). Sixty three percent of women who suffer from osteoarthritis are obese (Dixon). Obese women show a 37% increased risk of depression (Stunkard). Obesity can cause infertility and pregnancy complications (Phelan, Edelman). It even can reduce the effectiveness of birth control. Obese people are three times more apt to suffer from sleep apnea (Visscher, Seidell). And for the real shocker, 300,000 deaths per year in the United States alone are attributed to obesity! Obesity is only second to smoking in preventable deaths per year in the US. (Visscher, Seidell). The reasons nearly half of all Black women in the US are obese are complex and many. We can point our finger at economics, lifestyle, society, biology, diet, culture. Culture, lifestyle and biology are the primary reasons 49% of Black women in the US are obese. Studies have shown that culture can have a profound effect on body size. Several studies have found that the Black American population has a preference for larger body size (Johnson). Portia Johnson, in her article, Scholarly Perspectives on Obesity in Black American Women, references a 2002 study that shows that African American men prefer African American women with a larger body size. The same author also cites a 2006 study that shows that African American women â€Å"describe a model of health that speaks to the Black womens cultural belief that a larger body size is ideal† (Johnson). African women also have a preference for larger bodies. A 2006 study on ethnic Zulus, Zulu migrants to London, and Anglo Londoners show a preference for larger body size by the Zulu migrants and the ethnic Zulus (Brewis 88). Each participant in were shown gray scale images of women of known BMI. The participants were asked to choose which image represented the most healthy and attractive body. The Anglo Londoners chose a BMI size of 20, the ethnic Zulus chose BMI 26 and the migrant Zulus chose a BMI of 24. Dr. James Kirby and colleagues made the interesting discovery that simply living in a community with 25% or more non-Hispanic blacks increases ones propensity of being overweight (Kirby et al). Similarly Dr. Kirby discovered that living in a community of 25% or more Asians decreases a person’s propensity of being overweight (Kirby et al). Kirby surmises this is due to the availability of healthy food, parks, sidewalks and recreation facilities in each community. Kirby found that a predominance of black Americans live in communities with fewer recreational facilities, gyms, parks and fewer choices of healthy food than other ethnicities. The same study also found more fast food restaurants and convenience food stores in predominately black and Hispanic American communities. Perhaps the most convincing evidence is in the words of African American women. In her article ‘Voices from the Inside: African American Womens Perspectives on Healthy Lifestyles’ Jill Rowe interviewed African American women on healthy lifestyles and food choices. One woman explains eating in African American culture as: It’s almost like every person in my family has something they cook real good and I don’t want to hurt anybody’s feelings. When you go to your mama’s house, I’ve always gone to the refrigerator. That’s how African Americans show their love. From the birthday parties, to when you have company. My family, when we’re happy we eat. When we’re sad, we eat. We eat when we’re married, we eat when we’re born, we eat when we die. It’s always, who’s bringing the fried chicken and pound cake. (Rowe) Culture can significantly affect a person’s weight. But we should also be aware that biology can affect weight too. Researchers have found that Black American women have a lower Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR). RMR is the rate at which energy (calories) are metabolized to keep organs functioning at rest. Black American women have a lower RMR than white or Hispanic women. This means they burn fewer calories throughout the day and function more efficiently than white Americans making it harder to lose weight (Johnson). A 1996 study found that the Resting Energy Expenditure (REE) of black American women was lower than for Caucasian American women. The researchers measured the REE of each participant and found that the Black women had a REE of 1790 calories per day at rest, while the Caucasian women had an REE of 1949 calories per day at rest. Simply put this means that Caucasian women burn, on average, 250 more calories per day at rest than Black American women do. This makes it harder for black women to lose weight (Johnson). Researchers have also discovered that Black Americans have an over expression of fatty acid transport protein. This means that more fat is delivered to fat storage cells making it easier for Black Americans to store fat than white Americans (Barakat). Researchers have measured and found more upper body fat in Black Women compared to white women. A larger below the skin level (subcutaneous) fat level was found in Black Women as compared to white American women (Conway). Diet and exercise are part of a persons’ lifestyle and both have a significant impact on weight and health. Several studies have proven that Black Americans eat more sweetened foods as compared to European Americans. Portia Johnson and colleagues cite a 2000 study on preference for sweet food amongst African Americans and European Americans. The study offered taste tests to each ethnic group and compared how each group responded to sweets. The researchers discovered that Black Americans ate more of the sweetened foods offered at various intervals during a taste test (Johnson). They conclude that African Americans could be using a sweetened food to compensate for greater perceived stress causing greater weight gain and obesity. Angelia Paschal and colleagues examined the results of a study on self-reported diet and exercise habits of African American men and women. They found that 55-75% of the women in their study rarely exercise. They also found that 76% of all participants did not eat the minimum daily requirements for fruit and less than half met the minimum requirements for vegetables. Not surprisingly this study reports that 62% of participants were diagnosed with hypertension and 14% were diagnosed with elevated blood sugar levels and/or diabetes (Paschal et al). A study that compared fitness of Latina American women to Black American women found similar results. â€Å"More than one-half of the women reported engaging in no regular physical activity. However, the substantial variability in the number of minutes exercised per week points to the need to investigate methods to enhance the duration of physical activity. † (Sanchez-Johnsen et al). Genesis, a church based health and fitness program aimed at Black Americans, found that many of the participants did not correlate obesity with poor health. The participants in Genesis completed a self-reported survey where only 16% indicated they were obese, but when clinically measured 87% were found to be overweight or obese. This indicates that participants failed to connect excess weight with medical risk, possibly due to cultural conditioning, personal denial or not associating body weight with health risk (Cowart et al). It is not all gloom and doom for women of color in the US. Culture, biology and lifestyle are all things that can be changed or at least worked with to lose weight and gain fitness. There are several programs in this country aimed at overall fitness for Black American women. The Genesis program has worked with black Americans through churches and found this combination very successful. Genesis provided health and diet education, exercise prescriptions and a motivation partner. Some of their successes include a 71% less soda consumption, fried meat consumption was reduced from 91% to 55%. The percent of respondents reporting no exercise at all went from 45% at the start of the program to 27% on the post pilot survey (Cowart et al). Just as diet, lifestyle and culture can be changed so can biology. Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) can be raised by obtaining a leaner body mass as muscle is more active than fat. Withers and colleagues have proved this with a study conducted on 49-70 year old women. Their study has found that aerobic training in older women increases RMR. They compared active women to non-active women and found that the active women had a significantly higher RMR. Having a body composition of more lean mass to fat mass greatly has â€Å"implications for increased independence and improved quality of life. † (Withers et al). Black American women have special challenges and considerations in weight loss and fitness. They face a culture that encourages eating and appreciates large body size, a more efficient metabolic system that uses fewer calories at rest, a propensity for their bodies to store fat, and a lifestyle that makes diet and exercise difficult. Yet knowing these challenges is half the battle. With knowledge, the support of the community and their family, and commitment they can overcome these challenges and reach a goal of lifetime fitness and health. Works Cited Barakat, HA. â€Å"Obesity; Overexpression of Fatty Acid Transport Proteins May Contribute to Obesity in Black Women. † Science Letter. 7 Feb 2006. 1218. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Brewis, Alexandra. Obesity Cultural and Biocultural Perspectives. New Brunswick. Rutgers University Press. (2011). Print. Conway, Joan. â€Å"Ethnicity and Energy Stores†. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 62. 5. Nov 1995. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Cowart, Luvenia. et al. â€Å"Designing and Pilot-Testing a Church-Based Community Program to Reduce Obesity among African Americans. † ABNF Journal. 21. 1. (2010). 4-10. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Dixon, John. â€Å"The Effect of Obesity on Health Outcomes. † Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology. Vol. 316. Issue 2. 25 Mar 10. 104-108. Endocrine Aspects of Obesity. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Edelman, Allison. â€Å"Special Feature: Do We Have a Problem? Obesity and Contraception. † OB GYN Clinical Alert. Dec 2011. n. pag. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Johnson, Portia; Yvonne Wesley. â€Å"Scholarly Perspectives on Obesity among Black Women. † ABNF Journal. 23. 3. (2012). 46-50. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Kirby, James, et. al. â€Å"Race, Place, and Obesity: The Complex Relationships among Community Racial/Ethnic Composition, Individual Race/Ethnicity, and Obesity in the United States. † American Journal of Public Health. 102. 8. Aug 2012. 1572-1578. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Kogiso, Tomomi. et al. â€Å"Clinical Significance with Fatty Liver Associated with Metabolic Syndrome. † Hepatology Research. Vol. 37. Issue 9. Sep 2007. 711-721. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Paschal, Angelia. et al. â€Å"Baseline Assessment of the Heath Status and Health Behaviors of African American Participating in the Activities for Life Program: A Community Based Health Intervention Program. † Journal of Community Health. 29. 4. Aug 2004. 305-318. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Phelan, Sharon. â€Å"Obesity in the American Population: Calories, Cost and Culture. † American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Volume 203, Issue 6, Dec 2010. 522–524. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Rowe, Jill. â€Å"Voices From the Inside: African American Women’s Perspectives on Healthy Lifestyles. † Health Education and Behavior. Vol. 37. Dec 2010. 789-800. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Sanchez-Johnsen, Lisa. et al. â€Å"Ethnic Differences in Correlates of Obesity between Latin-American and Black Women. † Obesity Research. 12. 4. Apr 2004. 652-660. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Stunkard, Albert. â€Å"Depression and Obesity. † Biological Psychology. Vol. 54 Issue 3. 1 Aug 2003. 330-337. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Visscher, Tommy, Jacob Seidell. â€Å"The Public Health Impact of Obesity. † Annual Review of Public Health. (2001). 355-375. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Withers, RT. et al. â€Å"Energy Metabolism in Sedentary and Active 49- to 70-yr-old Women. † Journal of Applied Physiology. Vol. 84. Apr 1998. 1333-1340. Web. 18 Feb 2013. Bibliography Brewis, Alexandra. Obesity Cultural and Biocultural Perspectives. New Brunswick. Rutgers University Press. (2011). Print. Brewis’ book is a must read for anyone studying, researching or working in health, weight management or fitness. The author takes a look at obesity from an anthropologist’s standpoint. Where did obesity originate? How does if effect certain races/genders more than others? These are some of the questions answered. The author has lived in different cultures and worked with different ethnicities obtaining answers to some of the mysteries surrounding weight gain. She has uncovered reasons why obesity is prevalent in the United States and other countries. And discusses why some ethnicities are more vulnerable to weight gain after migrating to the United States or other developed nations. The author has studied the culture of the Pima Indians of both the US and Mexico and explains why obesity affects the US Pimas more than the Mexican Pimas. Brewis also explains why some ethnicities find larger body weigh acceptable and why some ethnicities have larger males than females and why they find this perfectly normal. Biagioli, Brian. Advanced Concepts of Personal Training. National Council on Strength and Fitness. (2007). Print. This book was by a medical doctor. This manual is applicable to anyone interested in learning more about physical fitness, nutrition, physiology, body composition and exercise mechanics. It is the National Council on Strength and Fitness’ guide for all their certified personal trainer candidates. The manual contains 540 pages with many illustrations explaining obesity, Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR), Body Mass Index (BMI) and physiology. This manual includes chapters on special populations such as women, children and special needs individuals. HBO The Weight of the Nation. HBO Documentary Films; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institute of Health. Et al. Various actors/directors. (2007). DVD. This is a four part documentary on obesity in America. Each part is approximately one hour long. The parts consist of consequences, choices, children in crisis and challenges. The films explore why the United States is facing an obesity crisis, and what we can do about it now. Various health experts narrate the films. Interviews are conducted with a host of citizens dealing with obesity right now. They tell in their own words the challenges they face. There is significant commentary and interview on ethnicities, females, citizens living in inner cities and the issues surrounding obesity and weight gain. The Skinny on Obesity. Perf. Robert Lustig et al. UCTV Prime. 12 Apr. 2012. Web Video. This video series plays on UCSF Prime TV online. Dr. Robert Lustig is endocrine expert at the UCSF Children’s Hospital. This is a seven part series that tackles the basics of the obesity epidemic such as sugar, hormones, fast food, childhood obesity, and endocrine system. Each part is about 15 minutes long. Only a basic understanding of health and physiology is needed to fully understand concepts presented. Platkin, Charles. The Automatic Diet. New York. Penguin. 2005. Print. This book discusses how to slowly improve your diet over time with small changes. Dr. Platkin holds a master of public health and is one of the nation’s leading public health advocates. He writes The Diet Detective, a syndicated article that appears in hundreds of newspapers throughout the country. His book takes the reader through small steps of diet and lifestyle changes that together create a whole new diet makeover making healthful eating simple and thus ‘automatic’.

Technology and Diabetes :: Diabetics Medical Health Essays

Technology and Diabetes Imagine not being able to have a snack or candy whenever you want to in a day. Many people have to watch what they eat, especially diabetics because of lack of insulin in their bodies. They have to watch their sugar intake daily and also keep up with insulin shots. Diabetes is a life long disease which isn’t easy to have without new technological advancements. The rapid growth of technology has made health care more successful, specifically in the advancements for the cure and treatments of diabetes. Diabetes Mellitus is a disease in which the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Insulin is a hormone that helps the body’s tissues absorb glucose which is sugar, so it can be used as a source of energy. Glucose levels build up in the blood and urine which causes excessive urination, thirst, hunger, and problems with fat and protein metabolism in a diabetic person. Diabetes is very common in the United States; it is the seventh leading cause of all deaths. Women have been diagnosed with diabetes more than men. There are two forms of diabetes, Type one and Type two diabetes. Type one diabetes is when the body does not produce insulin or produces it in very small quantities. This usually occurs in younger people under twenty years of age, mostly around puberty. Type two diabetes is when the body’s balance between insulin production and the ability of cells to use insulin doesn’t work properly. This is more common than type one; about 90-95% people in th e United States have it. There are no cures for diabetes now but there are many researchers investigating factors through new technologies to cure them. Meanwhile, technological advancements are being made to keep glucose at a good level for diabetes. When someone has diabetes it takes a lot of education to learn to live with it and to control blood sugar levels each and every day. An advancement that was tested in a survey in Jan. of 2002 is the telehomecare technology. This device allows diabetic patients to communicate with the nurses at home through a computer and video equipment that transmits voice, objective data, and video over ordinary telephone lines. This device was made to help health status, quality of life for the patients, and convenient costs along with satisfaction.

Released from prison Essay

Being released from prison and being free from the blame and the responsibility of a crime that one did not commit is supposed to be happy and relieving. Exonerated prisoners have this fleeting feeling of happiness and relief but after awhile it is replaced by frustration and grief over the lost years of his life as he is trying to rebuild the life and the identity that was taken from him. Because of social stigma placed on people behind bars, these exonerated prisoners are treated much the same as the other convicts. The psychological trauma that they have gone through inside the prison is replaced by the stress that they face when they try to rebuild their lives. Getting out of prison is one thing, living the life outside of prison when you have lived inside one is the more difficult part. Rebuilding his life has been hard for Scott Fappiano as he tells his story of finding it difficult to get identification cards that is needed for him to own his identity once again, and in the longer run give him a job to earn his living. Being an exonerated prisoner, he has no release papers to accompany his inmate ID. This created problems for him as institutions, particularly, the Department of Motor Vehicles, did not acknowledge his inmate ID, Social Security Card and newly issued credit card. The reentry of exonerated prisoners to the society is harder because of the social stigma that is associated with prison. Having a criminal background, though one is innocent and has been proven innocent of the alleged crime, causes people to shun them. This destabilizes the cultural values and norms of the individual causing psychological problems and turning to suicide or substance abuse as an escape from the stigma. This, in turn, makes them prisoners of the marred reputation that they have. The interaction and relationship between the individual and the society is based on the shared values and meanings placed on these values. This signifies that the social relationship of individuals and the different institutions of the society have different implications in the behavior and perspective of the individual and the society. Because of being institutionalized, living in a world in which there is no individuality and identity, the exonerated prisoners have stunted personal and social development. When they come out of prison, their values significantly change, thus, changing their perspectives and relationships with other people. The social stigma that is attached on their identities is difficult to erase and there is a need to counsel these individuals on social relationships outside of prison. This will ultimately prevent them from turning into what they have been exonerated from or committing other criminal acts or turning into substance abuse or suicide. Since socialization is the best way to reinforce behavior, it is important that these individuals be treated with the same respect and value as other individuals who have not been in prison. This will allow the exonerated prisoner time to adjust to his new environment. Within prison, they should have been prepared for their re-entry to the society, whether or not they will be able to get out. This will maintain social order and avoid deviance when they come out of prison since the destabilization of their identities and beliefs will go from being in an institution to becoming free men.

Three Review Exercises in Subject-Verb Agreement

These three review exercises will give you practice in applying the rules of subject-verb agreement. After you have completed each exercise, compare your responses with the answers. Agreement Exercise A For each pair of sentences below, write out the correct form of the verb in parentheses. Keep to the present tense, and be guided by our four tips for agreement and our three special cases.1. Do you know how to play bocce? The game (do) not require any special athletic abilities.2. There is a new bocce league at the recreational center. There (be) several teams in the league.3. I have a new set of bocce balls. My friend (have) a new pallino ball.4. Bocce is a game for people of all ages. I (be) going to show you how to play.5. The players take turns rolling a ball down the court. Each of the players [take] one ball and aims for the pallino.6. We try to get our balls as close to the pallino as possible. Rick often (try) to bounce his ball off the side of the court.7. Nobody enjoys playing bocce more than I do. Everybody who plays bocce (enjoy) the game.8. There are four players on each team. There (be) a tournament at the end of the season.9. The winners of the tournament carry home a trophy. Everyone (carry) home good memories.10. I am ready to play a game now. You and your friends (be) welcome to join us. Agreement Exercise B For each pair of sentences below, write out the correct form of the verb in parentheses. Keep to the present tense, and be guided by our four tips for agreement and our three special cases.1. Both candidates oppose increased defense spending. Neither of the two candidates (oppose) the war in Iraq.2. Not one of these cell phones belongs to me. One of the phones (belong) to Merdine.3. Most students take all of their classes in the morning. Nobody (take) classes after 2:00.4. One of my hobbies is collecting shopping bags. My hobbies (be) unusual.5. Gus and Merdine want a trial separation. Neither one (want) to move out of the apartment.6. Neither of the players admits that he made an error. Both players (admit) that somebody made a mistake.7. Both the manager and her assistant have been fired. Neither the manager nor her assistant (have) been notified.8. Where is your little brother? Several pages from my journal (be) missing.9. Professor Legree often goes for long walks in the rain. Th e lights in his house (go) on at midnight.br/>10. The students in the back of the room play poker during breaks. The student who sits next to the refreshments (play) solitaire. Agreement Exercise C In the following paragraph, identify the six errors in subject-verb agreement. According to legend, Santa Claus is a fat old man who visits every house on our planet in about eight hours on one of the coldest nights of the year. Santa, as everybody knows, stop for a glass of milk and a cookie at each house along the route. He prefer to work unnoticed, so he wears a luminous red suit and travels with a pack of bell-jangling reindeer. For reasons that most people does not understand, this jolly old man enters each house not by the front door but through the chimney (whether you has a chimney or not). He customarily gives generously to children in wealthy families, and he usually remind poorer children that its the thought that counts. Santa Claus is one of the earliest beliefs that parents try to instill in their children. After this absurdity, its a wonder that any child ever believe in anything again. Answers to Exercise A (1) does; (2) are; (3) has; (4) am; (5) takes; (6) tries; (7) enjoys; (8) is; (9) carries; (10) are. Answers to Exercise B (1) oppose; (2) belongs; (3) takes; (4) are; (5) wants; (7) has; (8) are; (9) go; (10) plays. Answers to Exercise C (1) Change stop for a glass to stops  for a glass; (2) change prefer to work to prefers  to work; (3) change people does not understand to people  do  not understand; (4) change you has a chimney to you  have  a chimney; (5) change remind poorer children to reminds  poorer children; (6) change child ever believe to child ever  believes.